BibTeX
@ARTICLE{
         Zou2020Cci,
       author = "Shangyan Zou and Ossama Abdelkhalik",
       title = "Collective control in arrays of wave energy converters",
       journal = "Renewable Energy",
       volume = "156",
       pages = "361--369",
       year = "2020",
       issn = "0960-1481",
       doi = "10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.069",
       url = "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.069",
       keywords = "Wave energy conversion, Wave energy converters array, Collective control, Surrogate
         model, Sequential unconstrained minimization technique",
       abstract = "A Collective Control is developed in this paper for arrays of Wave Energy
         Converters (WECs). The proposed controller applies a Proportional-Derivative feedback control law
         for each WEC with the optimized controller gains. A surrogate model, composed of only mechanical
         elements, is adopted to replace the hydrodynamic model during the optimization process. An indirect
         exterior penalty function approach is implemented to handle the constraints on the displacement and
         control. The weight of the penalty function is updated in subsequent iterations in the Sequential
         Unconstrained Minimization Technique. A numerical simulation is first conducted for identification
         of the surrogate model parameters. With the control gains optimized based on the surrogate model,
         the energy conversion is compared for three models: the surrogate model, a model that uses a
         boundary element tool to compute the hydrodynamic forces, and a simulation using AQWA. The results
         show a good agreement of the energy conversion among the models. Finally, the performance of the
         surrogate model is analyzed. It is shown that the proposed controller maximizes the energy
         conversion of the entire WEC array while satisfying the constraints. Moreover, the surrogate model
         can replace the hydrodynamic model to predict the system behavior with adequate accuracy and more
         efficiency.",
       ad_area = "Energy",
       ad_tools = "ADiMat"
}